Anti-inflammatory treatment induced regenerative oligodendrogenesis in parkinsonian mice

Maik MA Worlitzer; Eva C Bunk; Kathrin Hemmer; Jens C Schwamborn

doi:10.1186/scrt124

journal article Open Access Aug 14, 2012

Anti-inflammatory treatment induced regenerative oligodendrogenesis in parkinsonian mice

Maik MA Worlitzer Eva C Bunk Kathrin Hemmer Jens C Schwamborn

Stem Cell Research & Therapy Vol. 3 No. 4 · Springer Science and Business Media LLC

View at Publisher Save 10.1186/scrt124

Abstract

Abstract
Introduction
The adult mammalian brain retains niches for neural stem cells (NSCs), which can generate glial and neuronal components of the brain tissue. However, it is barely established how chronic neuroinflammation, as it occurs in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, affects adult neurogenesis and, therefore, modulates the brain's potential for self-regeneration.

Methods
Neural stem cell culture techniques, intraventricular tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α infusion and the 6-hydroxydopamine mouse model were used to investigate the influence of neuroinflammation on adult neurogenesis in the Parkinson's disease background. Microscopic methods and behavioral tests were used to analyze samples.

Results
Here, we demonstrate that differences in the chronicity of TNF-α application to cultured NSCs result in opposed effects on their proliferation. However, chronic TNF-α treatment, mimicking Parkinson's disease associated neuroinflammation, shows detrimental effects on neural progenitor cell activity. Inversely, pharmacological inhibition of neuroinflammation in a 6-hydroxydopamine mouse model led to increased neural progenitor cell proliferation in the subventricular zone and neuroblast migration into the lesioned striatum. Four months after surgery, we measured improved Parkinson's disease-associated behavior, which was correlated with long-term anti-inflammatory treatment. But surprisingly, instead of newly generated striatal neurons, oligodendrogenesis in the striatum of treated mice was enhanced.

Conclusions
We conclude that anti-inflammatory treatment, in a 6-hydroxydopamine mouse model for Parkinson's disease, leads to activation of adult neural stem cells. These adult neural stem cells generate striatal oligodendrocytes. The higher numbers of newborn oligodendrocytes possibly contribute to axonal stability and function in this mouse model of Parkinson's disease and thereby attenuate dysfunctions of basalganglian motor-control.

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Published: Aug 14, 2012
Vol/Issue: 3(4)
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Authors

Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, LCSB, Developmental and Cellular Biology, University of Luxembourg

Cite This Article

Maik MA Worlitzer, Eva C Bunk, Kathrin Hemmer, et al. (2012). Anti-inflammatory treatment induced regenerative oligodendrogenesis in parkinsonian mice. Stem Cell Research & Therapy, 3(4). https://doi.org/10.1186/scrt124

Anti-inflammatory treatment induced regenerative oligodendrogenesis in parkinsonian mice

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