The Chemistry of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Revisited: Outlining Their Role in Biological Macromolecules (DNA, Lipids and Proteins) and Induced Pathologies

Celia Andrés Juan; José Manuel Pérez de la Lastra; Francisco J. Plou; Eduardo Pérez-Lebeña

doi:10.3390/ijms22094642

journal article Open Access Apr 28, 2021

The Chemistry of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Revisited: Outlining Their Role in Biological Macromolecules (DNA, Lipids and Proteins) and Induced Pathologies

Celia Andrés Juan

José Manuel Pérez de la Lastra

Francisco J. Plou

Eduardo Pérez-Lebeña

International Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol. 22 No. 9 pp. 4642 · MDPI AG

View at Publisher Save 10.3390/ijms22094642

Abstract

Living species are continuously subjected to all extrinsic forms of reactive oxidants and others that are produced endogenously. There is extensive literature on the generation and effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in biological processes, both in terms of alteration and their role in cellular signaling and regulatory pathways. Cells produce ROS as a controlled physiological process, but increasing ROS becomes pathological and leads to oxidative stress and disease. The induction of oxidative stress is an imbalance between the production of radical species and the antioxidant defense systems, which can cause damage to cellular biomolecules, including lipids, proteins and DNA. Cellular and biochemical experiments have been complemented in various ways to explain the biological chemistry of ROS oxidants. However, it is often unclear how this translates into chemical reactions involving redox changes. This review addresses this question and includes a robust mechanistic explanation of the chemical reactions of ROS and oxidative stress.

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References

Details

Published: Apr 28, 2021
Vol/Issue: 22(9)
Pages: 4642
License: View

Authors

C

Celia Andrés Juan

Cinquima Institute and Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Valladolid University, Paseo de Belén, 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain

J

José Manuel Pérez de la Lastra

Institute of Natural Products and Agrobiology, CSIC-Spanish Research Council, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, 38206 La Laguna, Spain

F

Francisco J. Plou

Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry, CSIC-Spanish Research Council, 28049 Madrid, Spain

E

Eduardo Pérez-Lebeña

Sistemas de Biotecnología y Recursos Naturales, 47625 Valladolid, Spain

Funding

Fundación CajaCanarias Award: 2019SP43

Cite This Article

Celia Andrés Juan, José Manuel Pérez de la Lastra, Francisco J. Plou, et al. (2021). The Chemistry of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Revisited: Outlining Their Role in Biological Macromolecules (DNA, Lipids and Proteins) and Induced Pathologies. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(9), 4642. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094642

The Chemistry of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Revisited: Outlining Their Role in Biological Macromolecules (DNA, Lipids and Proteins) and Induced Pathologies

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